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Farming Systems (FS) in the 10FYP will include Plant protection,
Soils, Water and Socio-Economics disciplines. These disciplines
will work as a team to look into farming system problems and
issues in collaboration with other allied sectors. As emphasized
by other sectors, the FS sector’s research approach
will be pro-poor farmers and will be and participatory in
nature. As much as possible, technologies generated will be
practical and applicable to farmers and communities.
The FS programme is divided into sub-programs, projects and
activities to enable for ease of implementation and monitoring.
The proposed projects under each sub-program will be linked
to other sub-program and projects of other programmes. The
program structure is follows.
Table 8: Program Structure for Farming Systems in 10FYP
Subprogram 01: Soils FC Horti. Livestock Forestry Farming
Systems
Soil Water IPM SE
Project 1 Plant nutrient management for FCs x x x x o x
Project 2 Plant nutrient management for Horticulture Crop
x x x o x
Project 3 Land management x x x x o x
Project 4 Soil fertility technology for organic farming x
x x x o x
Subprogram 02: Water Management
Project 1 Watershed Management x x x x x o x x
Project 2 Irrigation System Management x x x x o x
Project 3 On-farm Water Management x x x o x
Project 4 Water Harvesting x x x xx x o x
Subprogram 03: Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Project 1 Insect Pest Management x x o
Project 2 Disease Management x x o
Project 3 Weed Management x x o
Project 4 Organic pest & disease management x x o
Subprogram 04: Socioeconomic
Project 1 Production economics x x x x x x o
Project 2 Diagnostic studies x x x x x x x o
Project 3 Adoption/Impact assessment x x x x x x x o
Project 4 Gender studies in NRM x x x x x x x o
Table 9: Program structure and linkages to other major research
programmes for Farming Systems in the 10FYP
Sub-program Project Code/Description Research Programs Farming
Systems
FC HC L F SR WMR IPMP SER
Soils 1.1 Plant nutrient management for FC ? ? ? ? x ?
1.2 Plant nutrient management for HC ? ? ? x ?
1.3 Land management ? ? ? ? x ?
1.4 Soil fertility technology for OF ? ? ? ? x ?
Water 2.1 Watershed Management ? ? ? ? ? x ? ?
2.2 Irrigation System Management ? ? ? ? x ?
2.3 On-farm Water Management ? ? ? x ?
2.4 Water Harvesting ? ? ? ? ? x ?
IPM 3.1 Insect Pest Management ? ? ? x
3.2 Disease Management ? ? ? x
3.3 Weed Management ? ? ? x
3.4 Organic pest & disease management ? ? ? x
Socio-economic 4.1 Production economics ? ? ? ? ? ? x
4.2 Diagnostic studies ? ? ? ? ? ? ? x
4.3 Adoption/Impact assessment ? ? ? ? ? ? ? x
4.4 Gender studies in NRM ? ? ? ? ? ? ? x
Major Activities
Variety improvement
Introduction, evaluation and cross breeding activities will
be carried out for major crops to increase the range of varietal
choices to farmers. Emphasis will be given on the utilisation
of indigenous germplasm. In rice, improvement of local varieties
through cross breeding will continue with focus on humid areas
(Tsirang and Dagana). In maize, breeding for disease resistance
will be accelerated. The evaluation of introduced exotic varieties
for other crops will be continued.
Soil fertility management
Limited use of inputs is a constraint to achieve higher yields.
Activities, focused in development and promotion of integrated
plant nutrient system, will receive attention. In rice, the
use of balanced fertilization will be promoted. Green manuring
in areas where organic matter is deficient will be encouraged.
In maize, which is grown in erosion-prone areas, land management
using different techniques will be researched and accelerated.
Water and soil improvement will receive attention particularly
in wheat. For Gasa, special efforts to develop fertility management
options for organic production will be stepped up.
Pest management
Efforts will be exerted in refining integrated pest management
technologies in all the crops. This will include crop breeding
for pest resistance, especially in rice and maize. Blast is
a major constraint in rice, and newly emerged GLS and TLB
are main problems in maize. Activities already underway in
cross breeding will be emphasized. In other crops, appropriate
IPM options will be explored. Field crops program will work
closely with the Farming systems sector in pest management.
Processing and marketing
So far, research and development activities have been largely
focused on mainstream technology development ignoring post
harvest, processing and marketing aspects. For holistic development
of any commodity, the latter aspects are very important. Special
attention will be given to developing and promoting processing,
product development and value addition together with market
promotion and market linkages.
The table below summarizes the project-wise activities.
Table 10: Major projects and activities in Farming Systems
Sub-program Projects Major activities
Soil Plant nutrient management for FCs • Integrated
nutrient management on rice
Plant nutrient management for Horticulture Crop • Study
on farmers’ nutrient management for citrus orchard
Land management • Study on the impact of shifting cultivation
practice in Patale, Tsirang
• Sustainable farm land management
Soil fertility technology for organic farming • Literature
review on soil nutrient management for rice and potato
• Testing and validation of the management technologies
• Vermi-composting
• Study on manure value of livestock under traditional
farmers’ management
Water Watershed Management • Gairigoun watershed management
• Provide TA to LWMG (Lingmuteychu WS)
• River Basin Management plan development studies
• Study on development of PES
Irrigation System Management • Catchment management
studies
• Secondary conveyance system improvement
• Irrigation water sharing system
• Water user group studies
On-farm Water Management • Study on improvement of on-farm
water availability
• Water demand management
Water Harvesting • Rainwater harvesting
• Surface water harvesting
• Groundwater harvesting
• Storage system development
IPM Insect Pest Management • Study on stored pest management
for maize, rice & wheat
• Study biology of citrus HLB psyllid
Disease Management • Study on the mycotoxin content
in maize & maize products
• Test efficacy of fungicides for control of maize diseases
(GLS & TLB)
• Delineation of Phytopthora prone zone in citrus orchards
in Tsirang
• Reconfirm HLC presence or absence in Tsirang &
Dagana through PCR test
Weed Management • Weed management in potato & rice
Organic pest & disease management • Literature review
on organic pest & disease management on rice & potato
• Testing and validation of organic pest management
technologies
Socio-economic Production economics • Economic analysis
of field crops, mandarin and walnut
• Economics of livestock production (poultry & piggery)
Diagnostic studies • Diagnostic studies
Adoption/Impact assessment • Adoption of farm mechanization
(power tiller)
• Impact assessment of research technologies
Gender studies in NRM • Gender studies on CBNRM in action
research sites (ARC)
• Socio-economic impact of alcohol consumption on Taksha-Silli
Community
• Study on gender participation in water management
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